Verbs/adjectives with no batchimstem + -십니다 (가다→가십니다, 오다→오십니다)
Verbs/adjectives with a batchimstem + -으십니다 (앉다→앉으십니다, 읽다→읽으십니다)
Stems ending in ㄹㄹ drops, then + -십니다 (살다→사십니다, 만들다→만드십니다)
Questions use -까 instead가십니다 → 가십니까? / 읽으십니다 → 읽으십니까?
Words that already change completely still work the same way드시다→드십니다, 계시다→계십니다, 주무시다→주무십니다
What this expression does
-(으)십니다 is an honorific used in more formal settings than -(으)세요 — news, presentations, announcements, a company’s official occasions.
할머니께서 집에 가세요. (everyday conversation)
사장님께서 지금 도착하십니다. (a company announcement)
-습니다/-ㅂ니다 is formal, but it isn’t honorific. For it to be honorific, -시- has to be there too.
오늘 회의를 시작합니다. (formal: yes, honorific: no — the subject can be anyone)
사장님께서 회의를 시작하십니다. (formal: yes, honorific: yes — the subject is someone senior)
가다 — to go가십니다
앉다 — to sit앉으십니다
살다 — to live사십니다
드시다 — to eat (hon.)드십니다
계시다 — to be (hon.)계십니다
사장님께서 지금 회의실에 계십니다.The boss is in the meeting room right now. — a formal announcement
잠시 후 부장님께서 도착하십니다.The department head will arrive shortly.
손님, 무엇을 드십니까?Sir/Ma’am, what would you like to eat? — formal register, as at a restaurant
-시- doesn’t attach to things that aren’t people. Attaching it to an object produces what’s often called “object honorification” — a mistake, even though it’s common.
주문하신 커피 나오셨습니다. (✕ — the coffee isn’t a person)
주문하신 커피 나왔습니다. (○)
연습 · Practice
이 레슨에는 풀어 보는 문제가 6개 있습니다. 앱에서 하나씩 맞히며 넘어갑니다. 6 exercises come with this lesson — open it to work through them.