The most common Korean word for “sick” is 아프다 (apeuda). There is one more word with a similar meaning — compare them below. 「sick」는 한국어로 아프다.
to be painful; to be sick
TOPIK 1 · adjective
to be sick; to be unwell (honorific)
TOPIK 2 · adjective
Words and levels: TOPIK I essentials (National Institute of Korean Language standard curriculum, KOGL Type 1) · examples: Cheesepotato