The most common Korean word for “short” is 짧다 (jjalda). There is one more word with a similar meaning — compare them below. 「short」는 한국어로 짧다.
to be short
TOPIK 2 · adjective
to be short of; insufficient
TOPIK 2 · verb
Words and levels: TOPIK I essentials (National Institute of Korean Language standard curriculum, KOGL Type 1) · examples: Cheesepotato